You get it when a virus enters the body through the nose or mouth and travels to the brain. Berbagai penyakit dapat menyerang susunan saraf pusat. Bacterial meningitis also produces effects on blood vessels in the subarachnoid space with resulting vasculitis, vessel narrowing, thrombosis, and ischemia or infarction of the brain. Bayi, anakanak, dan dewasa muda merupakan golongan usia yang mempunyai resiko tinggi untuk terkena meningitis.
Meningitis menyebabkan berbagai macam gejala klinis dari ringan. Bacterial infections may be caused by haemophilus influenzae type b, neisseria meningitidis meningococcal meningitis, and streptococcus pneumoniae pneumococcal meningitis. Raised intracranial pressure is common in fungal meningitis, and frequent ideally daily lumbar punctures to relieve the pressure are recommended, or alternatively a lumbar drain. With the exception of the herpes simplex virus, there are no specific medications to treat the organisms that cause viral meningitis. Kepaniteraan klinik ilmu penyakit saraf rumah sakit budhi asih periode 25 februari 20 30 maret 20 fakultas kedokteran universitas trisakti. Meningococcal disease new york state department of health. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. Its caused when the protective membranes around the brain and spinal cord known as the meninges become infected. When the linings of the brain and spinal cord become infected, it is called meningitis. Viral meningitis is the most common form of meningitis and is caused by an infection with one of several types of viruses.
Leading causes of vaccinepreventable death in children. Salah satunya adalah peradangan pada selaput otak, yang sering disebut sebagai meningitis. Mikroorganisme masuk ke cerebral nervous system melalui 2 jalur potensial. Diagnosis, initial management, and prevention of meningitis. Tuberculous meningitis definition tuberculous meningitis tbm is a chronic infection of the meninges caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Meningococcal meningitis is caused by the bacteria neisseria meningitidis, and. Karena meningitis bakteri dalam periode neonatal memiliki fitur yang unik dan. Meningococcal disease is caused by bacteria called neisseria meningitidis. Pada referat ini akan dibahas mengenai meningitis bakterialis. Gejalagejala ini mungkin dikacaukan dengan berbagai lesi intrakranial lain seperti abses pada otak dan meningitis tb. The most common are viruses and bacteria which account for the majority of cases.
Meningitis is inflammation of the thin tissue that surrounds the brain and spinal cord, called the meninges. In general, meningitis caused by a virus is less serious than meningitis caused by bacteria. Viral meningitis is an infection of the meninges a thin lining covering the brain and spinal cord by any one of a number of different viruses. Bacterial meningitis research papers paper masters. Guidelines for the management of acute meningitis in children and adults in south africa this guideline provides a rational and costeffective approach to patients with acute meningitis, which causes considerable. Melalui kesempatan ini, penulis mengucapkan terima kasih kepada dr. Meningitis adalah penyakit infeksi dari cairan yang mengelilingi otak dan. Nyeri perut kadang tak dapat dibedakan dengan apendisitis. Meningitis and meningococcemia are major causes of illness, death, and. Unduh sebagai docx, pdf, txt atau baca online dari scribd. There are actually several types of meningitis but bacterial and viral meningitis are the 2 most common types.
Meningitis is the inflammation of the meninges of the brain and spinal cord as a result of either bacteria, viral or fungal infection. Sometimes funguses, cancers, head injuries or other factors can cause meningitis, but cases from these sources are rare. Meningococcal disease what meningococcal disease is meningococcal disease is illness caused by the bacterium neisseria meningitidis, also known as meningococcal bacteria. Meningitis is inflammation of the arachnoid and pia mater of the brain and spinal cord. Meningitis sendiri dibagi menjadi dua menurut pemeriksaan cerebrospinal. Meningitis is an inflammation of the tissues that cover the brain and spinal cord. Another cause of meningitis is a bacterial infection called meningococcal meningitis. The community has truly come to feel like a family, somewhere i can be open, honest and myself. Capitulo 10 infecciones del sistema nervioso 10 central.
Askep meningitis pdf latar belakang skripsi bahasa arab. Referat meningitis viral free download as word doc. Meningitis caused by a virus is very rarely life threatening but. Practice guidelines for bacterial meningitis cid 2004. Banyak jamur penyebab mikosis sistemik, tetapi dalam makalah ini akan dibahas 2. Insidensi meningitis bakterialis di amerika serikat sudah menurun sejak diterapkannya penggunaan rutin vaksin haemophilus influenzae tipe b hib. Monitor temperature, pulse, blood pressure, respiratory rate 4 hourly 3. Meningitis is caused by bacterial and viral organisms, although fungal and protozoal meningitis also occurs. Meningitis can be caused by many different organisms including viruses and bacteria. Meningitis is an acute inflammation o the pertective membranes coverin the harn and spinal cord, kent collectively as the meninges. It has a high mortality rate if untreated but is vaccinepreventable. Radang dapat disebabkan oleh infeksi oleh virus, bakteri, atau juga mikroorganisme lain, dan walaupun jarang dapat disebabkan oleh obat tertentu. Trianggi putri husni 1102009286 kepaniteraan klinik saraf fakultas kedokteran universitas yarsi rumah sakit bhayangkara tk.
Baixe no formato doc, pdf, txt ou leia online no scribd. Diagnosis and management of adult bacterial meningitis. Practice guidelines for the management of bacterial meningitis. The peripheral white blood cell count alone is not help. Bacterial meningitis research papers this research paper on bacterial meningitis will examine the acute inflammation of the protective membrane that covers the brain and spinal cord. Herpes zoster the same virus, a different disease 154. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Csf outflow resistance is elevated and inhibits csf flow from the subarachnoid space to the dural sinuses. In general, meningitis due to bacteria bacterial meningitis is more severe than meningitis caused by viruses viral meningitis. Guidelines for the management of acute meningitis in children. Sama seperti flu, pengantar virus meningitis berasal dari cairan yang. Kebanyakan kasus meningitis akibat dari penyebaran hematogen yang masuk melalui celah subarachnoid. Bacterial meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges, including the pia, arachnoid, and subarachnoid space, that occurs in response to infection with bacteria andor bacterial products. Meningitis merupakan penyakit susunan saraf pusat yang.
Diagnosis and management of adult bacterial meningitis wenneng chang and chenhsien lu abstractthe early use of appropriate antibiotic therapy is one of the important and explicit steps in the management of potentially fatal adult acute bacterial meningitis abm. Meningitis tuberkulosis adalah peradangan selaput otak atau meningen yang disebabkan oleh bakteri mycobacterium tuberculosis. If no organism can be isolated with routine culture and sensitivity assays of cerebrospinal fluid csf, the condition is called aseptic meningitis, and the etiology is likely viral e. Fluid restriction not recommended for children with bacterial meningitis except in. Puji dan syukur kepada tuhan yang maha esa atas berkatnya sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan referat meningitis ini. Download scribd documents, issuu magazines quickly for free. Meningitis bakterialis merupakan penyakit yang mengancam jiwa disebabkan oleh infeksi lapisan meningen oleh bakteri. Epidemiology of bacterial meningitis in the usa from 1997. It can be caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, or other organisms, usually introduced via the bloodstream from infections elsewhere in the body. Infeksi ini berhubungan dengan komplikasi dan risiko kematian. For me it has taken the battle out of my head and instead to somewhere i can get advice or simply tell about my daily struggles and triumphs. Medical health research papers on various diseases are custom written by the writers at paper masters.
Introduction acute communicable disease caused by n. Meningitis wikipedia bahasa indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas. The risk of getting bacterial meningitis in all age groups is about 2. The disease strikes quickly and can have serious complications, including death. Viral meningitis fact sheet meningitis is an infection of the tissues that cover the brain and spinal cord meningitis can be caused by many different germs including bacteria, viruses, and fungi. While best known as a cause of meningitis, it can also result in sepsis, which is an even more damaging and dangerous condition. State of the worlds vaccines and immunization xi figures 1. Pendahuluan susunan syaraf pusat dan selaput pembungkusnya yang terlindungi dengan baik oleh tulang tengkorak dan tulang belakang oleh sebab tertentu dapat mengalami inflamasi sehingga menyebabkan berbagai macam manifestasi klinis. Definisi meningitis adalah suatu infeksiperadangan dari meninges, lapisan yang tipisencer yangmengepung otak dan jaringan saraf dalam tulang punggung, disebabkan oleh bakteri, virus,riketsia, atau protozoa, yang dapat terjadi secara akut dan kronis. Doc referat manifestasi hsv tipe i pada rongga mulut alyssa.
Fungal meningitis, such as cryptococcal meningitis, is treated with long courses of highly dosed antifungals, such as amphotericin b and flucytosine. Manifestasi gejala mental kadang mendominasi gambaran klinis, yaitu konfusi, stupor, psikotik atau koma. Patients diagnosed with meningitis syndrome may all exhibit similar symptoms i. Most children with viral meningitis recover completely. In communityacquired meningitis, the choice of an optimum initial empirical antibiotic regimen depends on the. If a case of bacterial meningitis is identified in the campus community, our local. Meningitis caused by a virus is very rarely life threatening but can cause the body to become very weak. Incidence of admittance to hospital due to bacterial meningitis was available in the nis for 50 822 cases reported from 1997 to 2010 for five of the most commonly identified bacterial pathogens.
Namun dalam artikel berikut ini tidak ada salahnya bila penulis akan asuhan keperawatan meningitis scribd asuhan keperawatan meningitis defenisi meningitis adalah radang dari selaput otak arachnoid dan bakteri dan virus merupakan penyebab utama. Meningitis is an inflammation of the tissue that covers the brain and spinal cord that can be caused by several different types of, as well as viruses and fungibacteria. Find out about viral meningitis, the types of bacterial meningitis and the rarer types of meningitis such as chemical and fungal meningitis and the support we offer. Most children with viral meningitis recover on their own without treatment. Some of the most common causes of bacterial meningitis include neisseria meningitidis, streptococcus. S pneumoniae, neisseria meningitidis, haemophilus influenzae, staphylococcus species, and gramnegative bacteria. A new meningococcal vaccine to control meningitis in africa 129 22. Download as ppt, pdf, txt or read online from scribd. Pathogenesis dissemination of bacilli to the meninges and brain occurs as a complication of the primary infection, or as a complication of an existing tb lesion tuberculoma, miliary tb or reactivation of. Guidelines for the prevention, diagnosis and management of. How to download on scribd for free 2019 100% working.
Less common etiologies for aseptic meningitis include tuberculous meningitis mycobacterium tuberculosis, lyme disease borrelia spp. Unduh sebagai doc, pdf, txt atau baca online dari scribd. Those at greatest risk for this disease are infants between 6 and 12. Referat meningitis bakterialis pada anak by vellysnak in types. Meningitis tuberkulosis merupakan hasil dari penyebaran hematogen dan limfogen bakteri mycobacterium tuberculosis dari infeksi primer pada paru 5. Departemen ilmu penyakit saraf fakultas kedokteran universitas kristen indonesia jl. Hence, clinical syndromic surveillance must be complemented by. Some children with meningitis may have longterm problems, but this depends on the cause of the infection and the age of the child. Laboratory methods for the diagnosis of meningitis caused by neisseria meningitidis, streptococcus pneumoniae, and haemophilus influenzae w h o m a n ua l, 2n d e d i t ion. Meningitis atau radang selaput otak adalah radang pada membran yang menyelubungi otak dan sumsum tulang belakang, yang secara kesatuan disebut meningen. Meningitis merupakan penyakit susunan saraf pusat yang dapat menyerang semua orang. Meningitis is defined as an inflammation of the lining of the brain and spinal cord. Meningitis bakteri meningitis bakteri merupakan salah satu infeksi serius pada anakanak. It is not known why one person gets meningitis when others exposed to the same germs do not get as sick, or dont get sick at all.
Meningococcal disease describes infections caused by the bacterium neisseria meningitidis also termed meningococcus. Meningitis, caused by a bacteria, is life threatening and requires urgent medical attention and treatment with antibiotics. There are various types of meningococcal meningitis, which are named with letters of the alphabet, for example, meningitis a. Pembengkakan yang terkait dengan meningitis sering memicu tanda dan gejala dari kondisi ini, antara lain sakit kepala, demam dan leher kaku pada. List of books and articles about meningitis online research. Definisi meningitis adalah peradangan pada membran meninges disekitar otak dan tulang belakang, biasanya infeksi penyakit ini menyebar. Viral meningitis nonbacterial meningitis fact sheet. Treatment for viral meningitis is usually supportive aimed at relieving symptoms. Best effect if steroid dexamethasone is given before or with first antibiotic dose 2.